diff --git a/AIStudyApp/AIStudyAppTests/MaterialDetailViewModelTests.swift b/AIStudyApp/AIStudyAppTests/MaterialDetailViewModelTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be31aa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/AIStudyApp/AIStudyAppTests/MaterialDetailViewModelTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import XCTest
+@testable import AIStudyApp
+
+@MainActor
+final class MaterialDetailViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
+
+    var vm: MaterialDetailViewModel!
+
+    override func setUp() {
+        super.setUp()
+        vm = MaterialDetailViewModel(knowledgeBaseId: "kb-test-001", materialId: "mat-001")
+    }
+
+    override func tearDown() {
+        vm = nil
+        super.tearDown()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Initial state
+
+    func test_initial_isLoading_is_true() {
+        XCTAssertTrue(vm.isLoading)
+    }
+
+    func test_initial_aiStatus_is_processing() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.aiStatus, .processing)
+    }
+
+    func test_initial_itemCount_is_zero() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.itemCount, 0)
+    }
+
+    func test_initial_quizCount_is_zero() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.quizCount, 0)
+    }
+
+    func test_initial_isMarkedRead_is_false() {
+        XCTAssertFalse(vm.isMarkedRead)
+    }
+
+    func test_initial_readingSeconds_is_zero() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.readingSeconds, 0)
+    }
+
+    func test_initial_readingStatus_is_nil() {
+        XCTAssertNil(vm.readingStatus)
+    }
+
+    func test_knowledgeBaseId_is_set() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.knowledgeBaseId, "kb-test-001")
+    }
+
+    func test_materialId_is_set() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.materialId, "mat-001")
+    }
+
+    func test_init_without_materialId_defaults_to_nil() {
+        let vm2 = MaterialDetailViewModel(knowledgeBaseId: "kb-002")
+        XCTAssertNil(vm2.materialId)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - statusLabel
+
+    func test_statusLabel_completed() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.statusLabel("completed"), "阅读完成")
+    }
+
+    func test_statusLabel_inProgress() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.statusLabel("in_progress"), "阅读中")
+    }
+
+    func test_statusLabel_unknown() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.statusLabel("some_other"), "已开始")
+    }
+
+    func test_statusLabel_nil() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.statusLabel(nil), "已开始")
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - formatSeconds
+
+    func test_formatSeconds_less_than_60() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(30), "30 秒")
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(0), "0 秒")
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(59), "59 秒")
+    }
+
+    func test_formatSeconds_minutes() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(60), "1 分钟")
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(3599), "59 分钟")
+    }
+
+    func test_formatSeconds_hours() {
+        let view = MaterialDetailView(
+            knowledgeBaseId: "kb-001", fileName: "test.md",
+            fileType: .markdown, fileSize: 1024, filePath: "/tmp/test.md"
+        )
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(3600), "1 小时 0 分钟")
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(3660), "1 小时 1 分钟")
+        XCTAssertEqual(view.formatSeconds(7200), "2 小时 0 分钟")
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - aiStatus logic (synchronous)
+
+    func test_aiStatus_is_ready_when_itemCount_positive() {
+        vm.itemCount = 5
+        // Simulate: loading done, items present → ready
+        // load() sets aiStatus = itemCount > 0 ? .ready : .processing
+        // We can't test load() without mock services, but we test the property boundary
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm.aiStatus, .processing) // load() not yet called
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Edge: nil materialId skips progress fetch
+
+    func test_without_materialId_readingStatus_stays_nil_after_init() {
+        let vm2 = MaterialDetailViewModel(knowledgeBaseId: "kb-003")
+        XCTAssertNil(vm2.readingStatus)
+        XCTAssertEqual(vm2.readingSeconds, 0)
+        XCTAssertFalse(vm2.isMarkedRead)
+    }
+}