diff --git a/src/App.tsx b/src/App.tsx
index dc6215b..c94a145 100644
--- a/src/App.tsx
+++ b/src/App.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import { AuthProvider } from './contexts/AuthContext'
 import AuthGuard from './components/AuthGuard'
 import PermissionGuard from './components/PermissionGuard'
 import PageLoading from './components/PageLoading'
+import { ErrorBoundary } from './components/ErrorBoundary'
+import { toastError } from './lib/error-handler'
 import AdminLayout from './layouts/AdminLayout'
 
 const Login = lazy(() => import('./pages/Login'))
@@ -60,7 +62,13 @@ const BackupAdmin = lazy(() => import('./pages/BackupAdmin'))
 const KnowledgeSourcesPage = lazy(() => import('./pages/KnowledgeSources'))
 const ReportingAdmin = lazy(() => import('./pages/ReportingAdmin'))
 
-const queryClient = new QueryClient()
+const queryClient = new QueryClient({
+  defaultOptions: {
+    mutations: {
+      onError: (error) => { toastError(error) },
+    },
+  },
+})
 
 function App() {
   return (
@@ -71,6 +79,7 @@ function App() {
         <AuthProvider>
           <BrowserRouter>
             <Suspense fallback={<PageLoading />}>
+              <ErrorBoundary>
               <Routes>
                 <Route path="/login" element={<Login />} />
                 <Route path="/403" element={<ForbiddenPage />} />
@@ -216,6 +225,7 @@ function App() {
                   <Route path="*" element={<NotFoundPage />} />
                 </Route>
               </Routes>
+              </ErrorBoundary>
             </Suspense>
           </BrowserRouter>
         </AuthProvider>
diff --git a/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx b/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed42899
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/ErrorBoundary.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import { Component, type ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { Button, Result } from 'antd'
+
+interface Props {
+  children: ReactNode
+  fallback?: ReactNode
+}
+
+interface State {
+  hasError: boolean
+  error: Error | null
+}
+
+export class ErrorBoundary extends Component<Props, State> {
+  state: State = { hasError: false, error: null }
+
+  static getDerivedStateFromError(error: Error): State {
+    return { hasError: true, error }
+  }
+
+  componentDidCatch(error: Error, info: { componentStack: string }) {
+    console.error('[ErrorBoundary]', error, info.componentStack)
+  }
+
+  handleReset = () => {
+    this.setState({ hasError: false, error: null })
+  }
+
+  render() {
+    if (this.state.hasError) {
+      if (this.props.fallback) return this.props.fallback
+
+      const isDev = import.meta.env.DEV
+      return (
+        <Result
+          status="500"
+          title="页面出错了"
+          subTitle={isDev ? this.state.error?.message : '请尝试刷新页面'}
+          extra={[
+            <Button type="primary" key="reload" onClick={() => window.location.reload()}>
+              刷新页面
+            </Button>,
+            <Button key="home" onClick={() => { window.location.href = '/' }}>
+              返回首页
+            </Button>,
+            isDev && (
+              <Button key="reset" onClick={this.handleReset}>
+                尝试恢复
+              </Button>
+            ),
+          ]}
+        >
+          {isDev && this.state.error && (
+            <pre style={{ textAlign: 'left', background: '#f5f5f5', padding: 16, borderRadius: 8, maxHeight: 200, overflow: 'auto', fontSize: 12, marginTop: 16 }}>
+              {this.state.error.stack || this.state.error.message}
+            </pre>
+          )}
+        </Result>
+      )
+    }
+
+    return this.props.children
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/antd-global.ts b/src/lib/antd-global.ts
index 2af2e4b..f9fff42 100644
--- a/src/lib/antd-global.ts
+++ b/src/lib/antd-global.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { App } from 'antd'
 import type { MessageInstance } from 'antd/es/message/interface'
 import type { NotificationInstance } from 'antd/es/notification/interface'
+import { setErrorMessageFn } from './error-handler'
 
 let message: MessageInstance | null = null
 let notification: NotificationInstance | null = null
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ export function StaticAntdProvider() {
   const staticFunc = App.useApp()
   message = staticFunc.message
   notification = staticFunc.notification
+  setErrorMessageFn((msg: string) => staticFunc.message.error(msg))
   return null
 }
 
diff --git a/src/lib/error-handler.ts b/src/lib/error-handler.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d46431
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/error-handler.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * 统一错误处理
+ *
+ * try { ... } catch (err) { toastError(err) }
+ */
+
+// ── 错误格式化 ──
+
+export function formatError(err: unknown, fallback = '操作失败'): string {
+  if (!err) return fallback
+  if (typeof err === 'string') return err
+  if (err instanceof Error) return err.message
+  if (typeof err === 'object' && err !== null) {
+    const e = err as Record<string, unknown>
+    return String(e.message || e.error || e.msg || fallback)
+  }
+  return fallback
+}
+
+// ── Toast 错误 ──
+
+let _messageFn: ((msg: string) => void) | null = null
+
+export function setErrorMessageFn(fn: (msg: string) => void) {
+  _messageFn = fn
+}
+
+export function toastError(err: unknown, fallback = '操作失败'): void {
+  const msg = formatError(err, fallback)
+  console.error('[Admin]', msg, err instanceof Error ? err : undefined)
+  _messageFn?.call(null, msg)
+}
diff --git a/src/pages/ReportingAdmin.tsx b/src/pages/ReportingAdmin.tsx
index ae0af48..779e094 100644
--- a/src/pages/ReportingAdmin.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/ReportingAdmin.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-import { Card, Button, Space, Typography, Table, message, Select } from 'antd'
+import { Card, Button, Space, Typography, Table, Select } from 'antd'
 import { DownloadOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons'
 import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query'
 import { reportingAPI } from '@/api'
+import { toastError } from '@/lib/error-handler'
 import { useState } from 'react'
 
 const { Title } = Typography
@@ -26,8 +27,8 @@ export default function ReportingAdmin() {
     try {
       const text = await reportingAPI.exportCSV(type, String(days))
       downloadBlob(text as string, `${type}-report-${days}d.csv`)
-    } catch {
-      message.error('导出失败')
+    } catch (err) {
+      toastError(err, '导出失败')
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/pages/TaskAssistant.tsx b/src/pages/TaskAssistant.tsx
index c74448f..a7c09a1 100644
--- a/src/pages/TaskAssistant.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/TaskAssistant.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { PlusOutlined, ToolOutlined, DeleteOutlined, MessageOutlined, ArrowUpOut
 import { aiAPI, conversationsAPI, type Conversation } from '@/api'
 import { streamChat, type StreamEvent } from '@/services/ai-chat'
 import Markdown from '@/components/Markdown'
+import { toastError } from '@/lib/error-handler'
 
 const { Text } = Typography
 
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ function ChatPage() {
   const messagesEndRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
   const editInputRef = useRef<any>(null)
 
-  const loadConversations = useCallback(async () => { try { setConversations(await conversationsAPI.list()) } catch {} }, [])
+  const loadConversations = useCallback(async () => { try { setConversations(await conversationsAPI.list()) } catch (err) { toastError(err, '加载对话列表失败') } }, [])
   useEffect(() => { loadConversations() }, [loadConversations])
   useEffect(() => { messagesEndRef.current?.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth' }) }, [messages])
   useEffect(() => { if (!activeId && conversations.length > 0) switchConversation(conversations[0].id) }, [conversations])
@@ -37,23 +38,23 @@ function ChatPage() {
   const switchConversation = useCallback(async (id: string) => {
     if (streaming) { abortRef.current?.abort(); setStreaming(false); setWaitingApproval(false) }
     setActiveId(id); setMessages([])
-    try { const records = await conversationsAPI.messages(id); setMessages(records.map(m => ({ id: m.id, role: m.role as 'user' | 'assistant', content: m.content, timestamp: new Date(m.createdAt).getTime() }))) } catch {}
+    try { const records = await conversationsAPI.messages(id); setMessages(records.map(m => ({ id: m.id, role: m.role as 'user' | 'assistant', content: m.content, timestamp: new Date(m.createdAt).getTime() }))) } catch (err) { toastError(err, '加载消息失败') }
   }, [streaming])
 
   const handleNew = async () => {
     if (streaming) { abortRef.current?.abort(); setStreaming(false) }
-    try { const conv = await conversationsAPI.create(); setConversations(prev => [conv, ...prev]); setActiveId(conv.id); setMessages([]); setInput('') } catch {}
+    try { const conv = await conversationsAPI.create(); setConversations(prev => [conv, ...prev]); setActiveId(conv.id); setMessages([]); setInput('') } catch (err) { toastError(err, '创建对话失败') }
   }
 
   const handleDelete = (id: string) => modal.confirm({
     title: '删除对话', okText: '删除', okType: 'danger', cancelText: '取消',
-    onOk: async () => { try { await conversationsAPI.remove(id); setConversations(prev => prev.filter(c => c.id !== id)); if (activeId === id) { setActiveId(null); setMessages([]) } } catch {} },
+    onOk: async () => { try { await conversationsAPI.remove(id); setConversations(prev => prev.filter(c => c.id !== id)); if (activeId === id) { setActiveId(null); setMessages([]) } } catch (err) { toastError(err, '删除对话失败') } },
   })
 
   const startEdit = (conv: Conversation) => { setEditingId(conv.id); setEditTitle(conv.title); setTimeout(() => editInputRef.current?.focus(), 50) }
   const saveTitle = async (id: string) => {
     const t = editTitle.trim()
-    if (t && t !== conversations.find(c => c.id === id)?.title) { await conversationsAPI.update(id, t).catch(() => {}); setConversations(prev => prev.map(c => c.id === id ? { ...c, title: t } : c)) }
+    if (t && t !== conversations.find(c => c.id === id)?.title) { await conversationsAPI.update(id, t).catch((err) => toastError(err, '更新标题失败')); setConversations(prev => prev.map(c => c.id === id ? { ...c, title: t } : c)) }
     setEditingId(null)
   }
 
diff --git a/src/pages/VectorAdmin.tsx b/src/pages/VectorAdmin.tsx
index 0c6c1f6..5837c57 100644
--- a/src/pages/VectorAdmin.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/VectorAdmin.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useQuery, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query'
 import { Card, Row, Col, Statistic, Button, Typography, Descriptions, App } from 'antd'
 import { ReloadOutlined, DatabaseOutlined, NodeIndexOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons'
 import { vectorAPI } from '@/api'
+import { toastError } from '@/lib/error-handler'
 
 const { Title } = Typography
 
@@ -26,8 +27,8 @@ export default function VectorAdminPage() {
       await vectorAPI.reindex()
       message.success('索引重建已提交')
       qc.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ['vector'] })
-    } catch {
-      message.error('操作失败')
+    } catch (err) {
+      toastError(err, '操作失败')
     }
   }